[Report No. 119–379, Part I]
February 5, 2025
Mr. Bilirakis (for himself and Mr. Pallone) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and in addition to the Committees on Homeland Security, and Transportation and Infrastructure, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned
November 12, 2025
Additional sponsors: Mr. Meuser, Mr. Hudson, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Alford, Mr. Langworthy, Mr. Lucas, Ms. Ross, Mr. LaMalfa, Ms. Schakowsky, Mr. Soto, Ms. Perez, Mr. Golden of Maine, Mr. Bacon, Mr. Bresnahan, Mr. Costa, Mr. Rogers of Alabama, Ms. McCollum, Mr. Flood, Mr. Bost, Mrs. Kiggans of Virginia, Mr. McGuire, Mr. Fleischmann, Mr. Pappas, Mr. Finstad, Mr. Auchincloss, Mr. Keating, Mr. Van Orden, Mr. Amodei of Nevada, Mr. Schmidt, Mr. Calvert, Mr. Mullin, Ms. Lee of Florida, Ms. Pettersen, Mr. Crank, Mr. Moran, Mr. McCaul, Mr. Aderholt, Mr. Grothman, Mr. Yakym, Mr. Castro of Texas, Mrs. Beatty, Ms. Barragán, Ms. McClellan, Ms. Balint, Ms. Gillen, Ms. Leger Fernandez, Mr. Smith of Nebraska, Mr. Hunt, Mr. Grijalva, Mr. Magaziner, Mr. Cole, Mrs. Bice, Mr. Webster of Florida, Mr. Fitzpatrick, Mr. Carbajal, Mr. Emmer, Mr. McDowell, Ms. De La Cruz, Mr. Menendez, Ms. Matsui, Ms. Velázquez, Mr. Carter of Louisiana, Mr. Correa, Mr. Case, Mr. Pfluger, Ms. Tenney, Mr. Mrvan, Ms. Kaptur, Mr. Womack, Mr. Landsman, Mr. Rogers of Kentucky, Mr. Vasquez, Mr. Gomez, Ms. Titus, Mr. Horsford, Ms. Tlaib, Mr. Deluzio, Mrs. Fischbach, Mr. Messmer, Ms. Sewell, Mr. Lynch, Mr. Fitzgerald, Mr. Westerman, Mr. Downing, Mr. Dunn of Florida, Mr. Carter of Georgia, Mr. Neguse, Mr. LaLota, Mr. Roy, Ms. Tokuda, Mr. Tiffany, Mr. Riley of New York, Mr. Burchett, Mr. Estes, Mr. Sessions, Mr. Moore of West Virginia, Mr. Smith of New Jersey, Mr. Levin, Ms. Sánchez, Ms. Craig, Mr. Harder of California, Mr. Mann, Mr. Zinke, Mr. Bishop, Mr. David Scott of Georgia, Mr. Collins, Mr. Harrigan, Mr. Edwards, Mr. Bentz, Ms. Adams, Ms. Castor of Florida, Mr. Kean, Mr. Thompson of Pennsylvania, Ms. Williams of Georgia, Ms. Salazar, Ms. McBride, Mrs. Miller-Meeks, Mr. Rulli, Mr. Panetta, Ms. Schrier, Mr. Connolly, Mrs. Trahan, Mr. Smucker, Mr. Courtney, Mr. Timmons, Mr. Ezell, Ms. Foxx, Mr. Kelly of Mississippi, Ms. Jacobs, Mr. Rose, Mr. Owens, Mrs. Ramirez, Mr. Feenstra, Ms. Salinas, Ms. Pingree, Mr. Ruiz, Mr. Hamadeh of Arizona, Mr. Allen, Ms. Davids of Kansas, Mr. Nehls, Mr. Norcross, Mr. Turner of Ohio, Mr. Schneider, Mr. Garbarino, Ms. Stefanik, Mr. Hill of Arkansas, Mr. Valadao, Mrs. Sykes, Mr. Cline, Mrs. Biggs of South Carolina, Mr. Suozzi, Mr. Simpson, Mr. Gimenez, Mr. Scott Franklin of Florida, Mr. Stauber, Mr. Fine, Mr. Taylor, Mr. Gottheimer, Mr. Espaillat, Mr. Amo, Mr. Luttrell, Mr. Cisneros, Ms. Scanlon, Mrs. Houchin, Ms. Houlahan, Ms. Wilson of Florida, Mr. Swalwell, Ms. Hoyle of Oregon, Ms. Mace, Mr. Kelly of Pennsylvania, Ms. Meng, Mr. Gosar, Mrs. Miller of West Virginia, Mr. Nunn of Iowa, Mr. Norman, Ms. Kelly of Illinois, Mr. Quigley, Mr. Veasey, Mr. Scott of Virginia, Mr. Davis of North Carolina, Mr. Carson, Mrs. Hinson, Mr. Cloud, Mr. Thompson of Mississippi, Mr. Wilson of South Carolina, Mr. Moore of North Carolina, Ms. Omar, Ms. Lee of Nevada, Mr. Carey, Mr. Barrett, Mr. Rouzer, Mr. Lawler, Mr. Morelle, Ms. Plaskett, Mr. Boyle of Pennsylvania, Ms. Bynum, Mr. Tony Gonzales of Texas, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Davis of Illinois, Mr. Nadler, Mr. Goldman of Texas, Mr. Pocan, Mr. Loudermilk, Mr. Garamendi, Ms. Brown, Ms. Norton, Ms. Brownley, Ms. Stansbury, Mr. McGovern, Mr. Haridopolos, Ms. Pou, Mr. Barr, Mrs. Kim, Mr. Fry, Mr. Williams of Texas, Mr. Thompson of California, Mr. Johnson of Georgia, Ms. Pressley, Mr. Comer, Mr. Huizenga, Mr. Harris of North Carolina, Mr. Tran, Ms. Wasserman Schultz, Mr. Fallon, Mr. Patronis, Mr. Baird, Mr. Babin, Mr. Bell, Ms. Letlow, Mr. Wittman, Mr. Reschenthaler, Mr. Diaz-Balart, Mr. Wied, Mr. DeSaulnier, Ms. Chu, Mr. Evans of Pennsylvania, Mr. Newhouse, Mr. Ivey, Mrs. Hayes, Mrs. Watson Coleman, Mr. Tonko, Ms. Morrison, Mr. Harris of Maryland, Ms. DeLauro, Mrs. Spartz, Mr. Smith of Missouri, Mr. Larson of Connecticut, Mr. Foster, Mr. Krishnamoorthi, Mr. Knott, Mr. García of Illinois, Mr. Burlison, Mr. Crawford, Mr. McGarvey, Mr. Bergman, Ms. Budzinski, Mrs. Torres of California, Mr. Mannion, Ms. Malliotakis, Ms. Lois Frankel of Florida, Ms. Garcia of Texas, Mr. Mfume, Ms. Friedman, Mrs. McClain Delaney, Mr. Torres of New York, Mr. Crane, Mr. Evans of Colorado, Mr. Kennedy of New York, Mrs. Cherfilus-McCormick, Mrs. Foushee, Mr. Miller of Ohio, Mr. Van Drew, Mr. Goldman of New York, Mr. Vicente Gonzalez of Texas, Mrs. Miller of Illinois, Mr. Baumgartner, Ms. Greene of Georgia, Ms. Elfreth, Mr. Ryan, Mr. Begich, Ms. Kamlager-Dove, Mr. Figures, Mr. Shreve, Mr. Onder, Mr. Huffman, Ms. Dean of Pennsylvania, Mr. Fulcher, Mr. Jackson of Illinois, Mr. Smith of Washington, Mr. Moore of Alabama, Mr. Conaway, Mr. Latimer, Mr. Sherman, Mr. Mackenzie, Mr. Griffith, Mr. Crow, Mr. Vargas, Mrs. Wagner, Ms. Escobar, Mr. Palmer, Ms. Fedorchak, Mr. Walkinshaw, Ms. Johnson of Texas, Ms. Hageman, Ms. Goodlander, Mr. LaHood, Mr. Hurd of Colorado, Ms. Strickland, Mr. Larsen of Washington, Mr. Bera, Mr. Stanton, Mr. Gill of Texas, Ms. Simon, Mr. Crenshaw, Mr. Joyce of Ohio, and Mr. Hernández
November 12, 2025
Reported from the Committee on Energy and Commerce with an amendment
Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic
November 12, 2025
Committees on Homeland Security and Transportation and Infrastructure discharged; committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed
For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on February 5, 2025
To require the Secretary of Transportation to issue a rule requiring access to AM broadcast stations in motor vehicles, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
Section 1. Short title
This Act may be cited as the AM Radio for Every Vehicle Act of 2025
.
Sec. 2. Definitions
In this Act:
(1) Administrator
The term Administrator means the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
(2) Am broadcast band
The term AM broadcast band means the band of frequencies between 535 kilohertz and 1705 kilohertz, inclusive.
(3) Am broadcast station
The term AM broadcast station means a radio broadcast station—
(A)
licensed by the Federal Communications Commission for the dissemination of radio communications intended to be received by the public; and
(B)
operated on a channel in the AM broadcast band.
(4) Appropriate committees of congress
The term appropriate committees of Congress means—
(A)
the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate;
(B)
the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the Senate;
(C)
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives;
(D)
the Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives; and
(E)
the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.
(5) Automated driving system
The term automated driving system
means a system that meets the definition of Level 3, Level 4, or Level 5 automation as those terms are defined in the April 2021 edition of the J3016 recommended practice of SAE International, Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On-Road Motor Vehicles
.
(6) Comptroller general
The term Comptroller General means the Comptroller General of the United States.
(7) Device
The term device means a piece of equipment or an apparatus that is designed—
(A)
to receive signals transmitted by a radio broadcast station; and
(B)
to play back content or programming derived from those signals.
(8) Digital audio am broadcast station
(A) In general
The term digital audio AM broadcast station means an AM broadcast station that uses an In Band On Channel DAB System (as defined in section 73.402 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation)) for broadcasting purposes.
(B) Exclusion
The term digital audio AM broadcast station does not include an All-digital AM station (as defined in section 73.402 of title 47, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation)).
(9) Ipaws
The term IPAWS means the public alert and warning system of the United States described in section 526 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 321o).
(10) Manufacturer
The term manufacturer has the meaning given the term in section 30102(a) of title 49, United States Code.
(11) Passenger motor vehicle
The term passenger motor vehicle has the meaning given the term in section 32101 of title 49, United States Code.
(12) Radio broadcast station
The term radio broadcast station has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 153).
(13) Radio station license
The term radio station license has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 153).
(14) Receive
The term receive means to receive a broadcast signal via over-the-air transmission.
(15) Secretary
The term Secretary means the Secretary of Transportation.
(16) Signal
The term signal means radio frequency energy that a holder of a radio station license intentionally emits or causes to be emitted at a specified frequency for the purpose of transmitting content or programming to the public.
(17) Standard equipment
The term standard equipment means motor vehicle equipment (as defined in section 30102(a) of title 49, United States Code) that—
(A)
is installed as a system, part, or component of a passenger motor vehicle as originally manufactured; and
(B)
the manufacturer of the passenger motor vehicle recommends or authorizes to be included in the passenger motor vehicle for no additional or separate monetary fee, payment, or surcharge, beyond the base price of the passenger motor vehicle.
(18) State
The term State means each State of the United States, the District of Columbia, each commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States, and each federally recognized Indian Tribe.
Sec. 3. AM broadcast stations rule
(a) Rule required
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the Administrator and the Federal Communications Commission, shall issue a rule—
(1)
requiring devices that can receive signals and play content transmitted by AM broadcast stations be installed as standard equipment in passenger motor vehicles—
(A)
manufactured in the United States for sale in the United States, imported into the United States, or shipped in interstate commerce; and
(B)
manufactured after the effective date of the rule;
(2)
requiring access to AM broadcast stations through the devices required under paragraph (1) in a manner that is easily accessible to drivers; and
(3)
allowing a manufacturer to comply with that rule by installing devices as described in paragraph (1) that can receive signals and play content transmitted by digital audio AM broadcast stations.
(b) Report required
Before issuing the rule required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation of the Senate and make publicly available on the website of the Department of Transportation, a report that evaluates the following:
(1)
Any potential adverse impacts related to automotive innovation and the motor vehicle safety of passenger motor vehicles equipped with automated driving systems from the reception of AM radio signals by such vehicles as required by subsection (a) of this Act.
(2)
The range of solutions that manufacturers could adopt or have adopted to mitigate any potential impacts identified in paragraph (1).
(c) Compliance
(1) In general
Except as provided in paragraph (2), in issuing the rule required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall establish an effective date for the rule that is not more than 2 years after the date on which the rule is issued.
(2) Certain manufacturers
In issuing the rule required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall establish an effective date for the rule that is at least 4 years after the date on which the rule is issued with respect to a manufacturer that manufactured not more than 40,000 passenger motor vehicles for sale in the United States in 2022.
(d) Interim requirement
For passenger motor vehicles manufactured after the date of enactment of this Act and manufactured in the United States for sale in the United States, imported into the United States, or shipped in interstate commerce during the period beginning on the day after the date of enactment of this Act and ending on the day before the effective date of the rule issued under subsection (a) that do not include devices that can receive signals and play content transmitted by AM broadcast stations, the manufacturer of the passenger motor vehicles—
(1)
shall provide clear and conspicuous labeling to inform purchasers of those passenger motor vehicles that the passenger motor vehicles do not include devices that can receive signals and play content transmitted by AM broadcast stations; and
(2)
may not charge an additional or separate monetary fee, payment, or surcharge, beyond the base price of the passenger motor vehicles, for access to AM broadcast stations for the period described in this subsection.
(e) Relationship to other laws
After the date of enactment of this Act, a State or a political subdivision of a State may not prescribe or continue in effect a law, regulation, or other requirement applicable to access to AM broadcast stations in passenger motor vehicles.
(f) Enforcement
(1) Civil penalty
Any person who violates the rule issued under subsection (a) shall be liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty under section 30165(a)(1) of title 49, United States Code, as if that rule were a regulation described in that section.
(2) Civil action
The Attorney General may bring a civil action under section 30163 of title 49, United States Code, in an appropriate district court of the United States to enjoin a violation of the rule issued under subsection (a) of this section, as if that rule were a regulation described in subsection (a)(1) of that section 30163.
(g) GAO study
(1) In general
The Comptroller General shall conduct a comprehensive study on disseminating emergency alerts and warnings to the public.
(2) Requirements
The study required under paragraph (1) shall include—
(A)
an assessment of—
(i)
the role of passenger motor vehicles in IPAWS communications, including by providing access to AM broadcast stations;
(ii)
the advantages, effectiveness, limitations, resilience, and accessibility of existing IPAWS communication technologies, including AM broadcast stations in passenger motor vehicles;
(iii)
the advantages, effectiveness, limitations, resilience, and accessibility of AM broadcast stations relative to other IPAWS communication technologies in passenger motor vehicles; and
(iv)
whether other IPAWS communication technologies are capable of ensuring the President (or a designee) can reach at least 90 percent of the population of the United States at a time of crisis, including at night; and
(B)
a description of any ongoing efforts to integrate new and emerging technologies and communication platforms into the IPAWS framework.
(3) Consultation required
In conducting the study required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall consult with—
(A)
the Secretary of Homeland Security;
(B)
the Federal Communications Commission;
(C)
the National Telecommunications and Information Administration;
(D)
the Secretary;
(E)
Federal, State, Tribal, territorial, and local emergency management officials;
(F)
first responders;
(G)
technology experts in resilience and accessibility;
(H)
radio broadcasters;
(I)
manufacturers of passenger motor vehicles; and
(J)
other relevant stakeholders, as determined by the Comptroller General.
(4) Briefing and report
(A) Briefing
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress on the results of the study required by paragraph (1), including recommendations for legislation and administrative action as the Comptroller General determines appropriate.
(B) Report
Not later than 180 days after the date on which the Comptroller General provides the briefing required under subparagraph (A), the Comptroller General shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report describing the results of the study required under paragraph (1), including recommendations for legislation and administrative action as the Comptroller General determines appropriate.
(h) Review
Not less frequently than once every 5 years after the date on which the Secretary issues the rule required by subsection (a), the Secretary, in coordination with the Administrator and the Federal Communications Commission, shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that shall include an assessment of—
(1)
the impacts of the rule issued under that subsection, including the impacts on public safety; and
(2)
possible changes to IPAWS communication technologies that would enable resilient and accessible alerts to drivers and passengers of passenger motor vehicles.
(i) Sunset
This Act shall sunset and no longer be in effect on the date that is 8 years after the date of enactment of this Act, including the authority of the Secretary to carry out or enforce that rule.