Whereas over 40,000,000 households in the United States have a cat or cats, and research shows that cats can improve psychological health, offer emotional support, and enhance quality of life;

Whereas scratching is a normal, instinctive cat behavior done by cats to mark objects with visual cues and their scent, exercise muscles, relieve stress, express emotions, and manage claw health;

Whereas onychectomy, also known as declawing, is a serious medical procedure in which a cat’s third phalanges and claws are surgically removed;

Whereas tendonectomy, often considered an alternative to onychectomy, cuts the tendons on each toe to prevent grasping motions, disabling normal function of their claws;

Whereas these are painful procedures, preventing a cat from being able to use their claws and leaving them unable to properly scratch, affecting their balance, and rendering them unable to effectively defend themselves or fully express normal behaviors;

Whereas there is ample evidence that links onychectomy and tendonectomy to life-long pain and adverse and long-lasting physical and behavioral effects on cats and that complications from these surgeries can include nerve damage, lameness, chronic pain, litter box aversion, and permanent disability;

Whereas, for purposes of this resolution, the term “declawing” includes onychectomy and any surgical, chemical, or mechanical procedure that removes, severs, alters, or otherwise disables a cat’s claws or the normal function of the claw, including through modification of tendons, ligaments, or other anatomical structures, but not including trimming the nonviable tips of the claws or placing temporary nail caps;

Whereas tendonectomy is one example of a procedure used to disable a cat’s claws by altering paw function, often described as an alternative to onychectomy;

Whereas declawing as an elective surgery unnecessarily increases public health and safety risks as declawed cats become more prone to biting as a form of defense, leading to increased chance of infection for humans;

Whereas there is no evidence that declawing reduces the number of cats surrendered to shelters;

Whereas the behavioral implications, such as problems with litterbox use and biting, are common reasons cats are surrendered;

Whereas there are many humane alternatives to address and coexist with scratching behaviors that involve no physical harm to the cat;

Whereas there is widespread support for outlawing this practice, including from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the International Society of Feline Medicine, and the American Association of Feline Practitioners;

Whereas the Centers for Disease Control, US Public Health, National Institutes of Health, and Infectious Diseases Society of America have a joint position statement avowing declawing as unnecessary to protect human health;

Whereas many countries have banned elective onychectomies by law, and in others the practice is considered unethical and prohibited under veterinary professional standards, including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, England, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Norway, Portugal, Romania, Scotland, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, and Wales;

Whereas, in Canada, declawing is outlawed in 9 of the 10 provinces;

Whereas multiple States, including New York, Maryland, Virginia, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and California, have banned onychectomies and tendonectomies as elective procedures;

Whereas several other States have introduced legislation but have yet to codify the bans into law;

Whereas a number of municipalities have implemented bans or passed resolutions opposing this practice, including Malibu, Marin County, and Ojai, California; Denver, Colorado; Washington, District of Columbia; Volusia County, Florida; Buffalo Grove, Downers Grove, and Evanston, Illinois; the City of St. Louis and St. Louis County, Missouri; Allentown, Easton, Forks Township, and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Austin, Texas; Tacoma, Washington; and Madison, Wisconsin;

Whereas it is also outlawed in 8 California cities, including Berkeley, Beverly Hills, Burbank, Culver City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Santa Monica, and West Hollywood;

Whereas recognizing that the elective practice of onychectomy or tendonectomy is inhumane, and such recognition is an important step forward in prioritizing animal welfare in the United States: Now, therefore, be it