Section 1. Short title

This Act may be cited as the Human-Wildlife Conflict Reduction Act of 2026.

Sec. 2. Human-Wildlife Conflict Reduction Program

The Act of March 2, 1931 (46 Stat. 1468, chapter 370), is amended by adding at the end the following:

4. Human-Wildlife Conflict Reduction Program

(a) Establishment

(1) In general

The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to in this section as the Secretary) shall establish a program, to be known as the Human-Wildlife Conflict Reduction Program (referred to in this section as the Program), to develop, implement, and coordinate nonlethal strategies and projects to reduce conflicts between humans and wildlife and between livestock and wildlife, including depredation of livestock.

(2) Priorities

In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall prioritize—

(A)

deploying resources in States in which the Nonlethal Initiative of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service operates as of the date of enactment of this section;

(B)

reducing livestock depredation and conflict with predator species; and

(C)

reducing harms caused by wildlife to human infrastructure or agriculture.

(3) Nonlethal Initiative

The operations of the Nonlethal Initiative of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service shall be subsumed into the Program.

(b) Research and development

In carrying out the activities of the Program, the Secretary shall pursue research and development—

(1)

to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of various nonlethal strategies for reducing human-wildlife conflict, livestock depredations, and bolstering livestock safety; and

(2)

to develop new and effective nonlethal strategies for reducing human-wildlife conflict and livestock depredations and bolstering livestock safety.

(c) Assistance

Under the Program, the Secretary may implement projects to provide assistance to landowners, agricultural producers, Indian Tribes, and nonprofit organizations to deploy nonlethal strategies—

(1)

to reduce human-wildlife conflict; and

(2)

to reduce predator depredation on livestock.

(d) Best practices; training; demonstration projects

(1) In general

Under the Program, the Secretary—

(A)

shall share best practices with agricultural producers, landowners, Indian Tribes, nonprofit organizations, and relevant Federal or State agency personnel;

(B)

may provide training in nonlethal strategies to those entities;

(C)

may support demonstration projects and pilot projects to evaluate the effectiveness of nonlethal strategies under local conditions; and

(D)

may incorporate monitoring and adaptive management to improve outcomes of nonlethal strategies over time.

(2) Resource

To the extent practicable, the Secretary shall carry out paragraph (1) with consideration of State-level plans developed under subsection (e).

(e) State-Level plans

The Program shall assist States, on request, to develop or update a State-level plan to guide the implementation of nonlethal strategies.

(f) Annual report

The Secretary shall submit to Congress an annual report describing—

(1)

the use of funds under the Program;

(2)

species impacted by the Program; and

(3)

the nonlethal strategies used under the Program and the effectiveness of each of those strategies.

(g) Authorization of appropriations

There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 through 2031, of which not more than 10 percent per fiscal year shall be used for research activities under the Program.